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The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2015 Peter Bourgon
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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# package log
**Deprecation notice:** The core Go kit log packages (log, log/level, log/term, and
log/syslog) have been moved to their own repository at github.com/go-kit/log.
The corresponding packages in this directory remain for backwards compatibility.
Their types alias the types and their functions call the functions provided by
the new repository. Using either import path should be equivalent. Prefer the
new import path when practical.
______
`package log` provides a minimal interface for structured logging in services.
It may be wrapped to encode conventions, enforce type-safety, provide leveled
logging, and so on. It can be used for both typical application log events,
and log-structured data streams.
## Structured logging
Structured logging is, basically, conceding to the reality that logs are
_data_, and warrant some level of schematic rigor. Using a stricter,
key/value-oriented message format for our logs, containing contextual and
semantic information, makes it much easier to get insight into the
operational activity of the systems we build. Consequently, `package log` is
of the strong belief that "[the benefits of structured logging outweigh the
minimal effort involved](https://www.thoughtworks.com/radar/techniques/structured-logging)".
Migrating from unstructured to structured logging is probably a lot easier
than you'd expect.
```go
// Unstructured
log.Printf("HTTP server listening on %s", addr)
// Structured
logger.Log("transport", "HTTP", "addr", addr, "msg", "listening")
```
## Usage
### Typical application logging
```go
w := log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stderr)
logger := log.NewLogfmtLogger(w)
logger.Log("question", "what is the meaning of life?", "answer", 42)
// Output:
// question="what is the meaning of life?" answer=42
```
### Contextual Loggers
```go
func main() {
var logger log.Logger
logger = log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stderr))
logger = log.With(logger, "instance_id", 123)
logger.Log("msg", "starting")
NewWorker(log.With(logger, "component", "worker")).Run()
NewSlacker(log.With(logger, "component", "slacker")).Run()
}
// Output:
// instance_id=123 msg=starting
// instance_id=123 component=worker msg=running
// instance_id=123 component=slacker msg=running
```
### Interact with stdlib logger
Redirect stdlib logger to Go kit logger.
```go
import (
"os"
stdlog "log"
kitlog "github.com/go-kit/kit/log"
)
func main() {
logger := kitlog.NewJSONLogger(kitlog.NewSyncWriter(os.Stdout))
stdlog.SetOutput(kitlog.NewStdlibAdapter(logger))
stdlog.Print("I sure like pie")
}
// Output:
// {"msg":"I sure like pie","ts":"2016/01/01 12:34:56"}
```
Or, if, for legacy reasons, you need to pipe all of your logging through the
stdlib log package, you can redirect Go kit logger to the stdlib logger.
```go
logger := kitlog.NewLogfmtLogger(kitlog.StdlibWriter{})
logger.Log("legacy", true, "msg", "at least it's something")
// Output:
// 2016/01/01 12:34:56 legacy=true msg="at least it's something"
```
### Timestamps and callers
```go
var logger log.Logger
logger = log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stderr))
logger = log.With(logger, "ts", log.DefaultTimestampUTC, "caller", log.DefaultCaller)
logger.Log("msg", "hello")
// Output:
// ts=2016-01-01T12:34:56Z caller=main.go:15 msg=hello
```
## Levels
Log levels are supported via the [level package](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/kit/log/level).
## Supported output formats
- [Logfmt](https://brandur.org/logfmt) ([see also](https://blog.codeship.com/logfmt-a-log-format-thats-easy-to-read-and-write))
- JSON
## Enhancements
`package log` is centered on the one-method Logger interface.
```go
type Logger interface {
Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error
}
```
This interface, and its supporting code like is the product of much iteration
and evaluation. For more details on the evolution of the Logger interface,
see [The Hunt for a Logger Interface](http://go-talks.appspot.com/github.com/ChrisHines/talks/structured-logging/structured-logging.slide#1),
a talk by [Chris Hines](https://github.com/ChrisHines).
Also, please see
[#63](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/63),
[#76](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/pull/76),
[#131](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/131),
[#157](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/pull/157),
[#164](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/164), and
[#252](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/pull/252)
to review historical conversations about package log and the Logger interface.
Value-add packages and suggestions,
like improvements to [the leveled logger](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/kit/log/level),
are of course welcome. Good proposals should
- Be composable with [contextual loggers](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/kit/log#With),
- Not break the behavior of [log.Caller](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/kit/log#Caller) in any wrapped contextual loggers, and
- Be friendly to packages that accept only an unadorned log.Logger.
## Benchmarks & comparisons
There are a few Go logging benchmarks and comparisons that include Go kit's package log.
- [imkira/go-loggers-bench](https://github.com/imkira/go-loggers-bench) includes kit/log
- [uber-common/zap](https://github.com/uber-common/zap), a zero-alloc logging library, includes a comparison with kit/log

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// Package log provides a structured logger.
//
// Deprecated: Use github.com/go-kit/log instead.
//
// Structured logging produces logs easily consumed later by humans or
// machines. Humans might be interested in debugging errors, or tracing
// specific requests. Machines might be interested in counting interesting
// events, or aggregating information for off-line processing. In both cases,
// it is important that the log messages are structured and actionable.
// Package log is designed to encourage both of these best practices.
//
// Basic Usage
//
// The fundamental interface is Logger. Loggers create log events from
// key/value data. The Logger interface has a single method, Log, which
// accepts a sequence of alternating key/value pairs, which this package names
// keyvals.
//
// type Logger interface {
// Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error
// }
//
// Here is an example of a function using a Logger to create log events.
//
// func RunTask(task Task, logger log.Logger) string {
// logger.Log("taskID", task.ID, "event", "starting task")
// ...
// logger.Log("taskID", task.ID, "event", "task complete")
// }
//
// The keys in the above example are "taskID" and "event". The values are
// task.ID, "starting task", and "task complete". Every key is followed
// immediately by its value.
//
// Keys are usually plain strings. Values may be any type that has a sensible
// encoding in the chosen log format. With structured logging it is a good
// idea to log simple values without formatting them. This practice allows
// the chosen logger to encode values in the most appropriate way.
//
// Contextual Loggers
//
// A contextual logger stores keyvals that it includes in all log events.
// Building appropriate contextual loggers reduces repetition and aids
// consistency in the resulting log output. With, WithPrefix, and WithSuffix
// add context to a logger. We can use With to improve the RunTask example.
//
// func RunTask(task Task, logger log.Logger) string {
// logger = log.With(logger, "taskID", task.ID)
// logger.Log("event", "starting task")
// ...
// taskHelper(task.Cmd, logger)
// ...
// logger.Log("event", "task complete")
// }
//
// The improved version emits the same log events as the original for the
// first and last calls to Log. Passing the contextual logger to taskHelper
// enables each log event created by taskHelper to include the task.ID even
// though taskHelper does not have access to that value. Using contextual
// loggers this way simplifies producing log output that enables tracing the
// life cycle of individual tasks. (See the Contextual example for the full
// code of the above snippet.)
//
// Dynamic Contextual Values
//
// A Valuer function stored in a contextual logger generates a new value each
// time an event is logged. The Valuer example demonstrates how this feature
// works.
//
// Valuers provide the basis for consistently logging timestamps and source
// code location. The log package defines several valuers for that purpose.
// See Timestamp, DefaultTimestamp, DefaultTimestampUTC, Caller, and
// DefaultCaller. A common logger initialization sequence that ensures all log
// entries contain a timestamp and source location looks like this:
//
// logger := log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stdout))
// logger = log.With(logger, "ts", log.DefaultTimestampUTC, "caller", log.DefaultCaller)
//
// Concurrent Safety
//
// Applications with multiple goroutines want each log event written to the
// same logger to remain separate from other log events. Package log provides
// two simple solutions for concurrent safe logging.
//
// NewSyncWriter wraps an io.Writer and serializes each call to its Write
// method. Using a SyncWriter has the benefit that the smallest practical
// portion of the logging logic is performed within a mutex, but it requires
// the formatting Logger to make only one call to Write per log event.
//
// NewSyncLogger wraps any Logger and serializes each call to its Log method.
// Using a SyncLogger has the benefit that it guarantees each log event is
// handled atomically within the wrapped logger, but it typically serializes
// both the formatting and output logic. Use a SyncLogger if the formatting
// logger may perform multiple writes per log event.
//
// Error Handling
//
// This package relies on the practice of wrapping or decorating loggers with
// other loggers to provide composable pieces of functionality. It also means
// that Logger.Log must return an error because some
// implementations—especially those that output log data to an io.Writer—may
// encounter errors that cannot be handled locally. This in turn means that
// Loggers that wrap other loggers should return errors from the wrapped
// logger up the stack.
//
// Fortunately, the decorator pattern also provides a way to avoid the
// necessity to check for errors every time an application calls Logger.Log.
// An application required to panic whenever its Logger encounters
// an error could initialize its logger as follows.
//
// fmtlogger := log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stdout))
// logger := log.LoggerFunc(func(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
// if err := fmtlogger.Log(keyvals...); err != nil {
// panic(err)
// }
// return nil
// })
package log

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package log
import (
"io"
"github.com/go-kit/log"
)
// NewJSONLogger returns a Logger that encodes keyvals to the Writer as a
// single JSON object. Each log event produces no more than one call to
// w.Write. The passed Writer must be safe for concurrent use by multiple
// goroutines if the returned Logger will be used concurrently.
func NewJSONLogger(w io.Writer) Logger {
return log.NewJSONLogger(w)
}

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package log
import (
"github.com/go-kit/log"
)
// Logger is the fundamental interface for all log operations. Log creates a
// log event from keyvals, a variadic sequence of alternating keys and values.
// Implementations must be safe for concurrent use by multiple goroutines. In
// particular, any implementation of Logger that appends to keyvals or
// modifies or retains any of its elements must make a copy first.
type Logger = log.Logger
// ErrMissingValue is appended to keyvals slices with odd length to substitute
// the missing value.
var ErrMissingValue = log.ErrMissingValue
// With returns a new contextual logger with keyvals prepended to those passed
// to calls to Log. If logger is also a contextual logger created by With,
// WithPrefix, or WithSuffix, keyvals is appended to the existing context.
//
// The returned Logger replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a
// Valuer with their generated value for each call to its Log method.
func With(logger Logger, keyvals ...interface{}) Logger {
return log.With(logger, keyvals...)
}
// WithPrefix returns a new contextual logger with keyvals prepended to those
// passed to calls to Log. If logger is also a contextual logger created by
// With, WithPrefix, or WithSuffix, keyvals is prepended to the existing context.
//
// The returned Logger replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a
// Valuer with their generated value for each call to its Log method.
func WithPrefix(logger Logger, keyvals ...interface{}) Logger {
return log.WithPrefix(logger, keyvals...)
}
// WithSuffix returns a new contextual logger with keyvals appended to those
// passed to calls to Log. If logger is also a contextual logger created by
// With, WithPrefix, or WithSuffix, keyvals is appended to the existing context.
//
// The returned Logger replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a
// Valuer with their generated value for each call to its Log method.
func WithSuffix(logger Logger, keyvals ...interface{}) Logger {
return log.WithSuffix(logger, keyvals...)
}
// LoggerFunc is an adapter to allow use of ordinary functions as Loggers. If
// f is a function with the appropriate signature, LoggerFunc(f) is a Logger
// object that calls f.
type LoggerFunc = log.LoggerFunc

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package log
import (
"io"
"github.com/go-kit/log"
)
// NewLogfmtLogger returns a logger that encodes keyvals to the Writer in
// logfmt format. Each log event produces no more than one call to w.Write.
// The passed Writer must be safe for concurrent use by multiple goroutines if
// the returned Logger will be used concurrently.
func NewLogfmtLogger(w io.Writer) Logger {
return log.NewLogfmtLogger(w)
}

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package log
import "github.com/go-kit/log"
// NewNopLogger returns a logger that doesn't do anything.
func NewNopLogger() Logger {
return log.NewNopLogger()
}

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package log
import (
"io"
"github.com/go-kit/log"
)
// StdlibWriter implements io.Writer by invoking the stdlib log.Print. It's
// designed to be passed to a Go kit logger as the writer, for cases where
// it's necessary to redirect all Go kit log output to the stdlib logger.
//
// If you have any choice in the matter, you shouldn't use this. Prefer to
// redirect the stdlib log to the Go kit logger via NewStdlibAdapter.
type StdlibWriter = log.StdlibWriter
// StdlibAdapter wraps a Logger and allows it to be passed to the stdlib
// logger's SetOutput. It will extract date/timestamps, filenames, and
// messages, and place them under relevant keys.
type StdlibAdapter = log.StdlibAdapter
// StdlibAdapterOption sets a parameter for the StdlibAdapter.
type StdlibAdapterOption = log.StdlibAdapterOption
// TimestampKey sets the key for the timestamp field. By default, it's "ts".
func TimestampKey(key string) StdlibAdapterOption {
return log.TimestampKey(key)
}
// FileKey sets the key for the file and line field. By default, it's "caller".
func FileKey(key string) StdlibAdapterOption {
return log.FileKey(key)
}
// MessageKey sets the key for the actual log message. By default, it's "msg".
func MessageKey(key string) StdlibAdapterOption {
return log.MessageKey(key)
}
// Prefix configures the adapter to parse a prefix from stdlib log events. If
// you provide a non-empty prefix to the stdlib logger, then your should provide
// that same prefix to the adapter via this option.
//
// By default, the prefix isn't included in the msg key. Set joinPrefixToMsg to
// true if you want to include the parsed prefix in the msg.
func Prefix(prefix string, joinPrefixToMsg bool) StdlibAdapterOption {
return log.Prefix(prefix, joinPrefixToMsg)
}
// NewStdlibAdapter returns a new StdlibAdapter wrapper around the passed
// logger. It's designed to be passed to log.SetOutput.
func NewStdlibAdapter(logger Logger, options ...StdlibAdapterOption) io.Writer {
return log.NewStdlibAdapter(logger, options...)
}

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package log
import (
"io"
"github.com/go-kit/log"
)
// SwapLogger wraps another logger that may be safely replaced while other
// goroutines use the SwapLogger concurrently. The zero value for a SwapLogger
// will discard all log events without error.
//
// SwapLogger serves well as a package global logger that can be changed by
// importers.
type SwapLogger = log.SwapLogger
// NewSyncWriter returns a new writer that is safe for concurrent use by
// multiple goroutines. Writes to the returned writer are passed on to w. If
// another write is already in progress, the calling goroutine blocks until
// the writer is available.
//
// If w implements the following interface, so does the returned writer.
//
// interface {
// Fd() uintptr
// }
func NewSyncWriter(w io.Writer) io.Writer {
return log.NewSyncWriter(w)
}
// NewSyncLogger returns a logger that synchronizes concurrent use of the
// wrapped logger. When multiple goroutines use the SyncLogger concurrently
// only one goroutine will be allowed to log to the wrapped logger at a time.
// The other goroutines will block until the logger is available.
func NewSyncLogger(logger Logger) Logger {
return log.NewSyncLogger(logger)
}

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package log
import (
"time"
"github.com/go-kit/log"
)
// A Valuer generates a log value. When passed to With, WithPrefix, or
// WithSuffix in a value element (odd indexes), it represents a dynamic
// value which is re-evaluated with each log event.
type Valuer = log.Valuer
// Timestamp returns a timestamp Valuer. It invokes the t function to get the
// time; unless you are doing something tricky, pass time.Now.
//
// Most users will want to use DefaultTimestamp or DefaultTimestampUTC, which
// are TimestampFormats that use the RFC3339Nano format.
func Timestamp(t func() time.Time) Valuer {
return log.Timestamp(t)
}
// TimestampFormat returns a timestamp Valuer with a custom time format. It
// invokes the t function to get the time to format; unless you are doing
// something tricky, pass time.Now. The layout string is passed to
// Time.Format.
//
// Most users will want to use DefaultTimestamp or DefaultTimestampUTC, which
// are TimestampFormats that use the RFC3339Nano format.
func TimestampFormat(t func() time.Time, layout string) Valuer {
return log.TimestampFormat(t, layout)
}
// Caller returns a Valuer that returns a file and line from a specified depth
// in the callstack. Users will probably want to use DefaultCaller.
func Caller(depth int) Valuer {
return log.Caller(depth)
}
var (
// DefaultTimestamp is a Valuer that returns the current wallclock time,
// respecting time zones, when bound.
DefaultTimestamp = log.DefaultTimestamp
// DefaultTimestampUTC is a Valuer that returns the current time in UTC
// when bound.
DefaultTimestampUTC = log.DefaultTimestampUTC
// DefaultCaller is a Valuer that returns the file and line where the Log
// method was invoked. It can only be used with log.With.
DefaultCaller = log.DefaultCaller
)

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# Binaries for programs and plugins
*.exe
*.exe~
*.dll
*.so
*.dylib
# Test binary, built with `go test -c`
*.test
# Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
*.out
# Dependency directories (remove the comment below to include it)
# vendor/

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MIT License
Copyright (c) 2021 Go kit
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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# package log
[![Go Reference](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/go-kit/log.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/go-kit/log)
[![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/go-kit/log)](https://goreportcard.com/report/go-kit/log)
[![GitHub Actions](https://github.com/go-kit/log/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/go-kit/log/actions/workflows/test.yml)
[![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/go-kit/log/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://coveralls.io/github/go-kit/log?branch=main)
`package log` provides a minimal interface for structured logging in services.
It may be wrapped to encode conventions, enforce type-safety, provide leveled
logging, and so on. It can be used for both typical application log events,
and log-structured data streams.
## Structured logging
Structured logging is, basically, conceding to the reality that logs are
_data_, and warrant some level of schematic rigor. Using a stricter,
key/value-oriented message format for our logs, containing contextual and
semantic information, makes it much easier to get insight into the
operational activity of the systems we build. Consequently, `package log` is
of the strong belief that "[the benefits of structured logging outweigh the
minimal effort involved](https://www.thoughtworks.com/radar/techniques/structured-logging)".
Migrating from unstructured to structured logging is probably a lot easier
than you'd expect.
```go
// Unstructured
log.Printf("HTTP server listening on %s", addr)
// Structured
logger.Log("transport", "HTTP", "addr", addr, "msg", "listening")
```
## Usage
### Typical application logging
```go
w := log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stderr)
logger := log.NewLogfmtLogger(w)
logger.Log("question", "what is the meaning of life?", "answer", 42)
// Output:
// question="what is the meaning of life?" answer=42
```
### Contextual Loggers
```go
func main() {
var logger log.Logger
logger = log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stderr))
logger = log.With(logger, "instance_id", 123)
logger.Log("msg", "starting")
NewWorker(log.With(logger, "component", "worker")).Run()
NewSlacker(log.With(logger, "component", "slacker")).Run()
}
// Output:
// instance_id=123 msg=starting
// instance_id=123 component=worker msg=running
// instance_id=123 component=slacker msg=running
```
### Interact with stdlib logger
Redirect stdlib logger to Go kit logger.
```go
import (
"os"
stdlog "log"
kitlog "github.com/go-kit/log"
)
func main() {
logger := kitlog.NewJSONLogger(kitlog.NewSyncWriter(os.Stdout))
stdlog.SetOutput(kitlog.NewStdlibAdapter(logger))
stdlog.Print("I sure like pie")
}
// Output:
// {"msg":"I sure like pie","ts":"2016/01/01 12:34:56"}
```
Or, if, for legacy reasons, you need to pipe all of your logging through the
stdlib log package, you can redirect Go kit logger to the stdlib logger.
```go
logger := kitlog.NewLogfmtLogger(kitlog.StdlibWriter{})
logger.Log("legacy", true, "msg", "at least it's something")
// Output:
// 2016/01/01 12:34:56 legacy=true msg="at least it's something"
```
### Timestamps and callers
```go
var logger log.Logger
logger = log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stderr))
logger = log.With(logger, "ts", log.DefaultTimestampUTC, "caller", log.DefaultCaller)
logger.Log("msg", "hello")
// Output:
// ts=2016-01-01T12:34:56Z caller=main.go:15 msg=hello
```
## Levels
Log levels are supported via the [level package](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/log/level).
## Supported output formats
- [Logfmt](https://brandur.org/logfmt) ([see also](https://blog.codeship.com/logfmt-a-log-format-thats-easy-to-read-and-write))
- JSON
## Enhancements
`package log` is centered on the one-method Logger interface.
```go
type Logger interface {
Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error
}
```
This interface, and its supporting code like is the product of much iteration
and evaluation. For more details on the evolution of the Logger interface,
see [The Hunt for a Logger Interface](http://go-talks.appspot.com/github.com/ChrisHines/talks/structured-logging/structured-logging.slide#1),
a talk by [Chris Hines](https://github.com/ChrisHines).
Also, please see
[#63](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/63),
[#76](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/pull/76),
[#131](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/131),
[#157](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/pull/157),
[#164](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/164), and
[#252](https://github.com/go-kit/kit/pull/252)
to review historical conversations about package log and the Logger interface.
Value-add packages and suggestions,
like improvements to [the leveled logger](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/log/level),
are of course welcome. Good proposals should
- Be composable with [contextual loggers](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/log#With),
- Not break the behavior of [log.Caller](https://godoc.org/github.com/go-kit/log#Caller) in any wrapped contextual loggers, and
- Be friendly to packages that accept only an unadorned log.Logger.
## Benchmarks & comparisons
There are a few Go logging benchmarks and comparisons that include Go kit's package log.
- [imkira/go-loggers-bench](https://github.com/imkira/go-loggers-bench) includes kit/log
- [uber-common/zap](https://github.com/uber-common/zap), a zero-alloc logging library, includes a comparison with kit/log

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// Package log provides a structured logger.
//
// Structured logging produces logs easily consumed later by humans or
// machines. Humans might be interested in debugging errors, or tracing
// specific requests. Machines might be interested in counting interesting
// events, or aggregating information for off-line processing. In both cases,
// it is important that the log messages are structured and actionable.
// Package log is designed to encourage both of these best practices.
//
// Basic Usage
//
// The fundamental interface is Logger. Loggers create log events from
// key/value data. The Logger interface has a single method, Log, which
// accepts a sequence of alternating key/value pairs, which this package names
// keyvals.
//
// type Logger interface {
// Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error
// }
//
// Here is an example of a function using a Logger to create log events.
//
// func RunTask(task Task, logger log.Logger) string {
// logger.Log("taskID", task.ID, "event", "starting task")
// ...
// logger.Log("taskID", task.ID, "event", "task complete")
// }
//
// The keys in the above example are "taskID" and "event". The values are
// task.ID, "starting task", and "task complete". Every key is followed
// immediately by its value.
//
// Keys are usually plain strings. Values may be any type that has a sensible
// encoding in the chosen log format. With structured logging it is a good
// idea to log simple values without formatting them. This practice allows
// the chosen logger to encode values in the most appropriate way.
//
// Contextual Loggers
//
// A contextual logger stores keyvals that it includes in all log events.
// Building appropriate contextual loggers reduces repetition and aids
// consistency in the resulting log output. With, WithPrefix, and WithSuffix
// add context to a logger. We can use With to improve the RunTask example.
//
// func RunTask(task Task, logger log.Logger) string {
// logger = log.With(logger, "taskID", task.ID)
// logger.Log("event", "starting task")
// ...
// taskHelper(task.Cmd, logger)
// ...
// logger.Log("event", "task complete")
// }
//
// The improved version emits the same log events as the original for the
// first and last calls to Log. Passing the contextual logger to taskHelper
// enables each log event created by taskHelper to include the task.ID even
// though taskHelper does not have access to that value. Using contextual
// loggers this way simplifies producing log output that enables tracing the
// life cycle of individual tasks. (See the Contextual example for the full
// code of the above snippet.)
//
// Dynamic Contextual Values
//
// A Valuer function stored in a contextual logger generates a new value each
// time an event is logged. The Valuer example demonstrates how this feature
// works.
//
// Valuers provide the basis for consistently logging timestamps and source
// code location. The log package defines several valuers for that purpose.
// See Timestamp, DefaultTimestamp, DefaultTimestampUTC, Caller, and
// DefaultCaller. A common logger initialization sequence that ensures all log
// entries contain a timestamp and source location looks like this:
//
// logger := log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stdout))
// logger = log.With(logger, "ts", log.DefaultTimestampUTC, "caller", log.DefaultCaller)
//
// Concurrent Safety
//
// Applications with multiple goroutines want each log event written to the
// same logger to remain separate from other log events. Package log provides
// two simple solutions for concurrent safe logging.
//
// NewSyncWriter wraps an io.Writer and serializes each call to its Write
// method. Using a SyncWriter has the benefit that the smallest practical
// portion of the logging logic is performed within a mutex, but it requires
// the formatting Logger to make only one call to Write per log event.
//
// NewSyncLogger wraps any Logger and serializes each call to its Log method.
// Using a SyncLogger has the benefit that it guarantees each log event is
// handled atomically within the wrapped logger, but it typically serializes
// both the formatting and output logic. Use a SyncLogger if the formatting
// logger may perform multiple writes per log event.
//
// Error Handling
//
// This package relies on the practice of wrapping or decorating loggers with
// other loggers to provide composable pieces of functionality. It also means
// that Logger.Log must return an error because some
// implementations—especially those that output log data to an io.Writer—may
// encounter errors that cannot be handled locally. This in turn means that
// Loggers that wrap other loggers should return errors from the wrapped
// logger up the stack.
//
// Fortunately, the decorator pattern also provides a way to avoid the
// necessity to check for errors every time an application calls Logger.Log.
// An application required to panic whenever its Logger encounters
// an error could initialize its logger as follows.
//
// fmtlogger := log.NewLogfmtLogger(log.NewSyncWriter(os.Stdout))
// logger := log.LoggerFunc(func(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
// if err := fmtlogger.Log(keyvals...); err != nil {
// panic(err)
// }
// return nil
// })
package log

91
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package log
import (
"encoding"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"reflect"
)
type jsonLogger struct {
io.Writer
}
// NewJSONLogger returns a Logger that encodes keyvals to the Writer as a
// single JSON object. Each log event produces no more than one call to
// w.Write. The passed Writer must be safe for concurrent use by multiple
// goroutines if the returned Logger will be used concurrently.
func NewJSONLogger(w io.Writer) Logger {
return &jsonLogger{w}
}
func (l *jsonLogger) Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
n := (len(keyvals) + 1) / 2 // +1 to handle case when len is odd
m := make(map[string]interface{}, n)
for i := 0; i < len(keyvals); i += 2 {
k := keyvals[i]
var v interface{} = ErrMissingValue
if i+1 < len(keyvals) {
v = keyvals[i+1]
}
merge(m, k, v)
}
enc := json.NewEncoder(l.Writer)
enc.SetEscapeHTML(false)
return enc.Encode(m)
}
func merge(dst map[string]interface{}, k, v interface{}) {
var key string
switch x := k.(type) {
case string:
key = x
case fmt.Stringer:
key = safeString(x)
default:
key = fmt.Sprint(x)
}
// We want json.Marshaler and encoding.TextMarshaller to take priority over
// err.Error() and v.String(). But json.Marshall (called later) does that by
// default so we force a no-op if it's one of those 2 case.
switch x := v.(type) {
case json.Marshaler:
case encoding.TextMarshaler:
case error:
v = safeError(x)
case fmt.Stringer:
v = safeString(x)
}
dst[key] = v
}
func safeString(str fmt.Stringer) (s string) {
defer func() {
if panicVal := recover(); panicVal != nil {
if v := reflect.ValueOf(str); v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.IsNil() {
s = "NULL"
} else {
s = fmt.Sprintf("PANIC in String method: %v", panicVal)
}
}
}()
s = str.String()
return
}
func safeError(err error) (s interface{}) {
defer func() {
if panicVal := recover(); panicVal != nil {
if v := reflect.ValueOf(err); v.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && v.IsNil() {
s = nil
} else {
s = fmt.Sprintf("PANIC in Error method: %v", panicVal)
}
}
}()
s = err.Error()
return
}

179
vendor/github.com/go-kit/log/log.go generated vendored Normal file
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package log
import "errors"
// Logger is the fundamental interface for all log operations. Log creates a
// log event from keyvals, a variadic sequence of alternating keys and values.
// Implementations must be safe for concurrent use by multiple goroutines. In
// particular, any implementation of Logger that appends to keyvals or
// modifies or retains any of its elements must make a copy first.
type Logger interface {
Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error
}
// ErrMissingValue is appended to keyvals slices with odd length to substitute
// the missing value.
var ErrMissingValue = errors.New("(MISSING)")
// With returns a new contextual logger with keyvals prepended to those passed
// to calls to Log. If logger is also a contextual logger created by With,
// WithPrefix, or WithSuffix, keyvals is appended to the existing context.
//
// The returned Logger replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a
// Valuer with their generated value for each call to its Log method.
func With(logger Logger, keyvals ...interface{}) Logger {
if len(keyvals) == 0 {
return logger
}
l := newContext(logger)
kvs := append(l.keyvals, keyvals...)
if len(kvs)%2 != 0 {
kvs = append(kvs, ErrMissingValue)
}
return &context{
logger: l.logger,
// Limiting the capacity of the stored keyvals ensures that a new
// backing array is created if the slice must grow in Log or With.
// Using the extra capacity without copying risks a data race that
// would violate the Logger interface contract.
keyvals: kvs[:len(kvs):len(kvs)],
hasValuer: l.hasValuer || containsValuer(keyvals),
sKeyvals: l.sKeyvals,
sHasValuer: l.sHasValuer,
}
}
// WithPrefix returns a new contextual logger with keyvals prepended to those
// passed to calls to Log. If logger is also a contextual logger created by
// With, WithPrefix, or WithSuffix, keyvals is prepended to the existing context.
//
// The returned Logger replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a
// Valuer with their generated value for each call to its Log method.
func WithPrefix(logger Logger, keyvals ...interface{}) Logger {
if len(keyvals) == 0 {
return logger
}
l := newContext(logger)
// Limiting the capacity of the stored keyvals ensures that a new
// backing array is created if the slice must grow in Log or With.
// Using the extra capacity without copying risks a data race that
// would violate the Logger interface contract.
n := len(l.keyvals) + len(keyvals)
if len(keyvals)%2 != 0 {
n++
}
kvs := make([]interface{}, 0, n)
kvs = append(kvs, keyvals...)
if len(kvs)%2 != 0 {
kvs = append(kvs, ErrMissingValue)
}
kvs = append(kvs, l.keyvals...)
return &context{
logger: l.logger,
keyvals: kvs,
hasValuer: l.hasValuer || containsValuer(keyvals),
sKeyvals: l.sKeyvals,
sHasValuer: l.sHasValuer,
}
}
// WithSuffix returns a new contextual logger with keyvals appended to those
// passed to calls to Log. If logger is also a contextual logger created by
// With, WithPrefix, or WithSuffix, keyvals is appended to the existing context.
//
// The returned Logger replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a
// Valuer with their generated value for each call to its Log method.
func WithSuffix(logger Logger, keyvals ...interface{}) Logger {
if len(keyvals) == 0 {
return logger
}
l := newContext(logger)
// Limiting the capacity of the stored keyvals ensures that a new
// backing array is created if the slice must grow in Log or With.
// Using the extra capacity without copying risks a data race that
// would violate the Logger interface contract.
n := len(l.sKeyvals) + len(keyvals)
if len(keyvals)%2 != 0 {
n++
}
kvs := make([]interface{}, 0, n)
kvs = append(kvs, keyvals...)
if len(kvs)%2 != 0 {
kvs = append(kvs, ErrMissingValue)
}
kvs = append(l.sKeyvals, kvs...)
return &context{
logger: l.logger,
keyvals: l.keyvals,
hasValuer: l.hasValuer,
sKeyvals: kvs,
sHasValuer: l.sHasValuer || containsValuer(keyvals),
}
}
// context is the Logger implementation returned by With, WithPrefix, and
// WithSuffix. It wraps a Logger and holds keyvals that it includes in all
// log events. Its Log method calls bindValues to generate values for each
// Valuer in the context keyvals.
//
// A context must always have the same number of stack frames between calls to
// its Log method and the eventual binding of Valuers to their value. This
// requirement comes from the functional requirement to allow a context to
// resolve application call site information for a Caller stored in the
// context. To do this we must be able to predict the number of logging
// functions on the stack when bindValues is called.
//
// Two implementation details provide the needed stack depth consistency.
//
// 1. newContext avoids introducing an additional layer when asked to
// wrap another context.
// 2. With, WithPrefix, and WithSuffix avoid introducing an additional
// layer by returning a newly constructed context with a merged keyvals
// rather than simply wrapping the existing context.
type context struct {
logger Logger
keyvals []interface{}
sKeyvals []interface{} // suffixes
hasValuer bool
sHasValuer bool
}
func newContext(logger Logger) *context {
if c, ok := logger.(*context); ok {
return c
}
return &context{logger: logger}
}
// Log replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a Valuer in the
// stored context with their generated value, appends keyvals, and passes the
// result to the wrapped Logger.
func (l *context) Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
kvs := append(l.keyvals, keyvals...)
if len(kvs)%2 != 0 {
kvs = append(kvs, ErrMissingValue)
}
if l.hasValuer {
// If no keyvals were appended above then we must copy l.keyvals so
// that future log events will reevaluate the stored Valuers.
if len(keyvals) == 0 {
kvs = append([]interface{}{}, l.keyvals...)
}
bindValues(kvs[:(len(l.keyvals))])
}
kvs = append(kvs, l.sKeyvals...)
if l.sHasValuer {
bindValues(kvs[len(kvs)-len(l.sKeyvals):])
}
return l.logger.Log(kvs...)
}
// LoggerFunc is an adapter to allow use of ordinary functions as Loggers. If
// f is a function with the appropriate signature, LoggerFunc(f) is a Logger
// object that calls f.
type LoggerFunc func(...interface{}) error
// Log implements Logger by calling f(keyvals...).
func (f LoggerFunc) Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
return f(keyvals...)
}

62
vendor/github.com/go-kit/log/logfmt_logger.go generated vendored Normal file
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package log
import (
"bytes"
"io"
"sync"
"github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt"
)
type logfmtEncoder struct {
*logfmt.Encoder
buf bytes.Buffer
}
func (l *logfmtEncoder) Reset() {
l.Encoder.Reset()
l.buf.Reset()
}
var logfmtEncoderPool = sync.Pool{
New: func() interface{} {
var enc logfmtEncoder
enc.Encoder = logfmt.NewEncoder(&enc.buf)
return &enc
},
}
type logfmtLogger struct {
w io.Writer
}
// NewLogfmtLogger returns a logger that encodes keyvals to the Writer in
// logfmt format. Each log event produces no more than one call to w.Write.
// The passed Writer must be safe for concurrent use by multiple goroutines if
// the returned Logger will be used concurrently.
func NewLogfmtLogger(w io.Writer) Logger {
return &logfmtLogger{w}
}
func (l logfmtLogger) Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
enc := logfmtEncoderPool.Get().(*logfmtEncoder)
enc.Reset()
defer logfmtEncoderPool.Put(enc)
if err := enc.EncodeKeyvals(keyvals...); err != nil {
return err
}
// Add newline to the end of the buffer
if err := enc.EndRecord(); err != nil {
return err
}
// The Logger interface requires implementations to be safe for concurrent
// use by multiple goroutines. For this implementation that means making
// only one call to l.w.Write() for each call to Log.
if _, err := l.w.Write(enc.buf.Bytes()); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}

8
vendor/github.com/go-kit/log/nop_logger.go generated vendored Normal file
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package log
type nopLogger struct{}
// NewNopLogger returns a logger that doesn't do anything.
func NewNopLogger() Logger { return nopLogger{} }
func (nopLogger) Log(...interface{}) error { return nil }

1
vendor/github.com/go-kit/log/staticcheck.conf generated vendored Normal file
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checks = ["all"]

151
vendor/github.com/go-kit/log/stdlib.go generated vendored Normal file
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package log
import (
"bytes"
"io"
"log"
"regexp"
"strings"
)
// StdlibWriter implements io.Writer by invoking the stdlib log.Print. It's
// designed to be passed to a Go kit logger as the writer, for cases where
// it's necessary to redirect all Go kit log output to the stdlib logger.
//
// If you have any choice in the matter, you shouldn't use this. Prefer to
// redirect the stdlib log to the Go kit logger via NewStdlibAdapter.
type StdlibWriter struct{}
// Write implements io.Writer.
func (w StdlibWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
log.Print(strings.TrimSpace(string(p)))
return len(p), nil
}
// StdlibAdapter wraps a Logger and allows it to be passed to the stdlib
// logger's SetOutput. It will extract date/timestamps, filenames, and
// messages, and place them under relevant keys.
type StdlibAdapter struct {
Logger
timestampKey string
fileKey string
messageKey string
prefix string
joinPrefixToMsg bool
}
// StdlibAdapterOption sets a parameter for the StdlibAdapter.
type StdlibAdapterOption func(*StdlibAdapter)
// TimestampKey sets the key for the timestamp field. By default, it's "ts".
func TimestampKey(key string) StdlibAdapterOption {
return func(a *StdlibAdapter) { a.timestampKey = key }
}
// FileKey sets the key for the file and line field. By default, it's "caller".
func FileKey(key string) StdlibAdapterOption {
return func(a *StdlibAdapter) { a.fileKey = key }
}
// MessageKey sets the key for the actual log message. By default, it's "msg".
func MessageKey(key string) StdlibAdapterOption {
return func(a *StdlibAdapter) { a.messageKey = key }
}
// Prefix configures the adapter to parse a prefix from stdlib log events. If
// you provide a non-empty prefix to the stdlib logger, then your should provide
// that same prefix to the adapter via this option.
//
// By default, the prefix isn't included in the msg key. Set joinPrefixToMsg to
// true if you want to include the parsed prefix in the msg.
func Prefix(prefix string, joinPrefixToMsg bool) StdlibAdapterOption {
return func(a *StdlibAdapter) { a.prefix = prefix; a.joinPrefixToMsg = joinPrefixToMsg }
}
// NewStdlibAdapter returns a new StdlibAdapter wrapper around the passed
// logger. It's designed to be passed to log.SetOutput.
func NewStdlibAdapter(logger Logger, options ...StdlibAdapterOption) io.Writer {
a := StdlibAdapter{
Logger: logger,
timestampKey: "ts",
fileKey: "caller",
messageKey: "msg",
}
for _, option := range options {
option(&a)
}
return a
}
func (a StdlibAdapter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
p = a.handlePrefix(p)
result := subexps(p)
keyvals := []interface{}{}
var timestamp string
if date, ok := result["date"]; ok && date != "" {
timestamp = date
}
if time, ok := result["time"]; ok && time != "" {
if timestamp != "" {
timestamp += " "
}
timestamp += time
}
if timestamp != "" {
keyvals = append(keyvals, a.timestampKey, timestamp)
}
if file, ok := result["file"]; ok && file != "" {
keyvals = append(keyvals, a.fileKey, file)
}
if msg, ok := result["msg"]; ok {
msg = a.handleMessagePrefix(msg)
keyvals = append(keyvals, a.messageKey, msg)
}
if err := a.Logger.Log(keyvals...); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
return len(p), nil
}
func (a StdlibAdapter) handlePrefix(p []byte) []byte {
if a.prefix != "" {
p = bytes.TrimPrefix(p, []byte(a.prefix))
}
return p
}
func (a StdlibAdapter) handleMessagePrefix(msg string) string {
if a.prefix == "" {
return msg
}
msg = strings.TrimPrefix(msg, a.prefix)
if a.joinPrefixToMsg {
msg = a.prefix + msg
}
return msg
}
const (
logRegexpDate = `(?P<date>[0-9]{4}/[0-9]{2}/[0-9]{2})?[ ]?`
logRegexpTime = `(?P<time>[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}(\.[0-9]+)?)?[ ]?`
logRegexpFile = `(?P<file>.+?:[0-9]+)?`
logRegexpMsg = `(: )?(?P<msg>(?s:.*))`
)
var (
logRegexp = regexp.MustCompile(logRegexpDate + logRegexpTime + logRegexpFile + logRegexpMsg)
)
func subexps(line []byte) map[string]string {
m := logRegexp.FindSubmatch(line)
if len(m) < len(logRegexp.SubexpNames()) {
return map[string]string{}
}
result := map[string]string{}
for i, name := range logRegexp.SubexpNames() {
result[name] = strings.TrimRight(string(m[i]), "\n")
}
return result
}

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package log
import (
"io"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
)
// SwapLogger wraps another logger that may be safely replaced while other
// goroutines use the SwapLogger concurrently. The zero value for a SwapLogger
// will discard all log events without error.
//
// SwapLogger serves well as a package global logger that can be changed by
// importers.
type SwapLogger struct {
logger atomic.Value
}
type loggerStruct struct {
Logger
}
// Log implements the Logger interface by forwarding keyvals to the currently
// wrapped logger. It does not log anything if the wrapped logger is nil.
func (l *SwapLogger) Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
s, ok := l.logger.Load().(loggerStruct)
if !ok || s.Logger == nil {
return nil
}
return s.Log(keyvals...)
}
// Swap replaces the currently wrapped logger with logger. Swap may be called
// concurrently with calls to Log from other goroutines.
func (l *SwapLogger) Swap(logger Logger) {
l.logger.Store(loggerStruct{logger})
}
// NewSyncWriter returns a new writer that is safe for concurrent use by
// multiple goroutines. Writes to the returned writer are passed on to w. If
// another write is already in progress, the calling goroutine blocks until
// the writer is available.
//
// If w implements the following interface, so does the returned writer.
//
// interface {
// Fd() uintptr
// }
func NewSyncWriter(w io.Writer) io.Writer {
switch w := w.(type) {
case fdWriter:
return &fdSyncWriter{fdWriter: w}
default:
return &syncWriter{Writer: w}
}
}
// syncWriter synchronizes concurrent writes to an io.Writer.
type syncWriter struct {
sync.Mutex
io.Writer
}
// Write writes p to the underlying io.Writer. If another write is already in
// progress, the calling goroutine blocks until the syncWriter is available.
func (w *syncWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
w.Lock()
defer w.Unlock()
return w.Writer.Write(p)
}
// fdWriter is an io.Writer that also has an Fd method. The most common
// example of an fdWriter is an *os.File.
type fdWriter interface {
io.Writer
Fd() uintptr
}
// fdSyncWriter synchronizes concurrent writes to an fdWriter.
type fdSyncWriter struct {
sync.Mutex
fdWriter
}
// Write writes p to the underlying io.Writer. If another write is already in
// progress, the calling goroutine blocks until the fdSyncWriter is available.
func (w *fdSyncWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
w.Lock()
defer w.Unlock()
return w.fdWriter.Write(p)
}
// syncLogger provides concurrent safe logging for another Logger.
type syncLogger struct {
mu sync.Mutex
logger Logger
}
// NewSyncLogger returns a logger that synchronizes concurrent use of the
// wrapped logger. When multiple goroutines use the SyncLogger concurrently
// only one goroutine will be allowed to log to the wrapped logger at a time.
// The other goroutines will block until the logger is available.
func NewSyncLogger(logger Logger) Logger {
return &syncLogger{logger: logger}
}
// Log logs keyvals to the underlying Logger. If another log is already in
// progress, the calling goroutine blocks until the syncLogger is available.
func (l *syncLogger) Log(keyvals ...interface{}) error {
l.mu.Lock()
defer l.mu.Unlock()
return l.logger.Log(keyvals...)
}

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vendor/github.com/go-kit/log/value.go generated vendored Normal file
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package log
import (
"runtime"
"strconv"
"strings"
"time"
)
// A Valuer generates a log value. When passed to With, WithPrefix, or
// WithSuffix in a value element (odd indexes), it represents a dynamic
// value which is re-evaluated with each log event.
type Valuer func() interface{}
// bindValues replaces all value elements (odd indexes) containing a Valuer
// with their generated value.
func bindValues(keyvals []interface{}) {
for i := 1; i < len(keyvals); i += 2 {
if v, ok := keyvals[i].(Valuer); ok {
keyvals[i] = v()
}
}
}
// containsValuer returns true if any of the value elements (odd indexes)
// contain a Valuer.
func containsValuer(keyvals []interface{}) bool {
for i := 1; i < len(keyvals); i += 2 {
if _, ok := keyvals[i].(Valuer); ok {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// Timestamp returns a timestamp Valuer. It invokes the t function to get the
// time; unless you are doing something tricky, pass time.Now.
//
// Most users will want to use DefaultTimestamp or DefaultTimestampUTC, which
// are TimestampFormats that use the RFC3339Nano format.
func Timestamp(t func() time.Time) Valuer {
return func() interface{} { return t() }
}
// TimestampFormat returns a timestamp Valuer with a custom time format. It
// invokes the t function to get the time to format; unless you are doing
// something tricky, pass time.Now. The layout string is passed to
// Time.Format.
//
// Most users will want to use DefaultTimestamp or DefaultTimestampUTC, which
// are TimestampFormats that use the RFC3339Nano format.
func TimestampFormat(t func() time.Time, layout string) Valuer {
return func() interface{} {
return timeFormat{
time: t(),
layout: layout,
}
}
}
// A timeFormat represents an instant in time and a layout used when
// marshaling to a text format.
type timeFormat struct {
time time.Time
layout string
}
func (tf timeFormat) String() string {
return tf.time.Format(tf.layout)
}
// MarshalText implements encoding.TextMarshaller.
func (tf timeFormat) MarshalText() (text []byte, err error) {
// The following code adapted from the standard library time.Time.Format
// method. Using the same undocumented magic constant to extend the size
// of the buffer as seen there.
b := make([]byte, 0, len(tf.layout)+10)
b = tf.time.AppendFormat(b, tf.layout)
return b, nil
}
// Caller returns a Valuer that returns a file and line from a specified depth
// in the callstack. Users will probably want to use DefaultCaller.
func Caller(depth int) Valuer {
return func() interface{} {
_, file, line, _ := runtime.Caller(depth)
idx := strings.LastIndexByte(file, '/')
// using idx+1 below handles both of following cases:
// idx == -1 because no "/" was found, or
// idx >= 0 and we want to start at the character after the found "/".
return file[idx+1:] + ":" + strconv.Itoa(line)
}
}
var (
// DefaultTimestamp is a Valuer that returns the current wallclock time,
// respecting time zones, when bound.
DefaultTimestamp = TimestampFormat(time.Now, time.RFC3339Nano)
// DefaultTimestampUTC is a Valuer that returns the current time in UTC
// when bound.
DefaultTimestampUTC = TimestampFormat(
func() time.Time { return time.Now().UTC() },
time.RFC3339Nano,
)
// DefaultCaller is a Valuer that returns the file and line where the Log
// method was invoked. It can only be used with log.With.
DefaultCaller = Caller(3)
)